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Research and Publication Ethics > For Authors and Reviewers > Research and Publication Ethics


For the research and publication ethics policies not stated on this site, Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals or Guidelines on Good Publication can be applied.
1. Journal policies on authorship and contributorship
1) Authorship
Authorship credit should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; 3) final approval of the version to be published; and 4) agreeing to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that the questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Authors should meet these four conditions.
For any persons who do not meet the above four criteria, they may be placed as contributors in the Acknowledgments section. Description of co-first authors or co-corresponding authors is also accepted if the corresponding author believes that their roles are equally contributed.
After the initial submission of a manuscript, any changes in authorship must be explained by a letter to the Editor-in-Chief from the authors concerned. This letter must be signed by all authors of the paper. Copyright transfer and conflict of interest disclosure forms must be completed by every author. ROJ does not correct authorship after publication unless a mistake has been made by the editorial staff.

2) Originality and Duplicate Publication
All submitted manuscripts should be original and should not be considered by other scientific journals for publication at the same time. Any part of the accepted manuscript should not be duplicated in any other scientific journal without the permission of the editorial board. Submitted manuscripts are screened for possible duplicate publication by Similarity Check upon arrival. If duplicate publication related to the papers of this journal is detected, the authors will be announced in the journal, and their institutes will be informed, and there will also be penalties for the authors.

3) Secondary Publication
It is possible to republish manuscripts if the manuscripts satisfy the conditions of secondary publication of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals. ROJ maintains a zero-tolerance policy when addressing allegations of plagiarism, duplicate publication (self-publication), data falsification, and scientific misconduct. Articles will be retracted if ethics violations are substantiated. Plagiarism is defined by the World Association for Medical Editors (WAME) as the "use of others' published and unpublished ideas or words (or other intellectual property) without attribution or permission and presenting them as new and original rather than derived from an existing source." ROJ participates in the Crosscheck/iThenticate program to investigate incidents of possible plagiarism. Manipulating data through fabrication, omission, or intentional distortion is unacceptable. Authors should be prepared to provide original data to editors if there is a question of authenticity. Claims of scientific misconduct are investigated and addressed, guided by the Committee of Publication Ethics (COPE) Code of Conduct.
2. Statement of Informed Consent and Institutional Review Board Approval
Authors should have obtained written informed consent from all participants prior to inclusion in the study, and copies of written informed consent should be kept for studies on human subjects. For clinical studies of human subjects, a certificate, agreement, or approval by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the author’s institution is required. If necessary, the editor or reviewers may request copies of these documents to resolve questions about IRB approval and study conduct.
The statement should be included in the Materials and Methods section after the IRB approval. Identifying details of the participants should not be published in written descriptions and photographs. In cases where identifying details are essential for scientific purposes, the participant should have given written informed consent for the identifying information to be published, and it should be stated separately.
Waiver of the informed consent can only be granted by the appropriate IRB and/or national research ethics committee in compliance with the current laws of the country in which the study was performed, and this should be separately stated. It should be noted that manuscripts that do not contain statements on IRB approval and patient informed consent can be returned to the authors before the review process.
3. Statement of Human and Animal Rights
All studies on human subjects must be conducted according to the principles expressed in the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Clinical studies that do not meet the Helsinki Declaration will not be considered for publication. The name or initials of the patient should not be displayed, and the patient’s identity should not be known when submitting photographs related to the patient. If there is a possibility that the patient’s identity may be exposed, it should be stated that the patient has given written consent.
All studies involving animals must state that the guidelines for the use and care of laboratory animals of the authors’ institution, or any national law, were followed.
All studies dealing with clinical trials should be registered on the primary national clinical trial registration site, such as Korea Clinical Research Information Service (CRiS, http://cris.nih.go.kr), other primary national registry sites accredited by World Health Organization or ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov), a service of the US National Institutes of Health.
4. How the journal will handle complaints and appeals
When the Journal faces suspected cases of research and publication misconduct such as a redundant (duplicate) publication, plagiarism, fabricated data, changes in authorship, undisclosed conflicts of interest, an ethical problem discovered with the submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, and other issues, the resolving process will follow the flowchart provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). The Editorial Board of ROJ will discuss the suspected cases and reach a decision. ROJ will not hesitate to publish errata, corrigenda, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed.
5. Journal policies on conflicts of interest/competing interests
Conflict of interest exists when an author or the author’s institution, reviewer, or editor has financial or personal relationships that inappropriately influence or bias his or her actions. Such relationships are also known as dual commitments, competing interests, or competing loyalties. These relationships vary from being negligible to having great a potential for influencing judgment. Not all relationships represent true conflict of interest. On the other hand, the potential for conflict of interest can exist regardless of whether an individual believes that the relationship affects his or her scientific judgment. Financial relationships such as employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, and paid expert testimony are the most easily identifiable conflicts of interest and the most likely to undermine the credibility of the journal, the authors, or of the science itself. Conflicts can occur for other reasons as well, such as personal relationships, academic competition, and intellectual passion (http://www.icmje.org/conflicts-of-interest/). If there are any conflicts of interest, authors should disclose them in the manuscript. The conflicts of interest may occur during the research process as well; however, it is important to provide disclosure. If there is a disclosure, editors, reviewers, and reader can approach the manuscript after understanding the situation and background for the completed research. The corresponding author must inform the editor of any potential conflicts of interest that could influence the authors’ interpretation of the data.
6. Journal policies on data sharing and reproducibility
1) Open data policy
For clarification on result accuracy and reproducibility of the results, raw data or analysis data will be deposited to a public repository after acceptance of the manuscript. Therefore, submission of the raw data or analysis data is mandatory. If the data is already a public one, its URL site or sources should be disclosed. If data cannot be publicized, it can be negotiated with the editor. If there are any inquiries on depositing data or waiver of data sharing, authors should contact the editorial office.

2) Clinical data sharing policy
This journal follows the data sharing policy described in “Data Sharing Statements for Clinical Trials: A Requirement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors” (https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1051). As of July 1, 2018, manuscripts submitted to ICMJE journals that report the results of interventional clinical trials must contain a data sharing statement as described below. Clinical trials that begin enrolling participants on or after January 1, 2019, must include a data sharing plan in the trial's registration. The ICMJE's policy regarding trial registration is explained at http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/clinical-trial-registration.html. If the data sharing plan changes after registration, this should be reflected in the statement submitted and published with the manuscript and updated in the registry record. All the authors of research articles that deal with interventional clinical trials must submit data sharing plan. Based on the degree of sharing plan, authors should deposit their data after deidentification and report the DOI of the data and the registered site.
7. Journal's policy on ethical oversight
When the Journal faces suspected cases of research and publication misconduct such as a redundant (duplicate) publication, plagiarism, fabricated data, changes in authorship, undisclosed conflicts of interest, an ethical problem discovered with the submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, and other issues, the resolving process will follow the flowchart provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). The Editorial Board will discuss the suspected cases and reach a decision. We will not hesitate to publish errata, corrigenda, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed.
The Research Ethics Committee of the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology covers ethical issues involved with research and publication. This committee is composed of one chairperson and the members of the committee. The director of the ethics committee acts as the chairperson of this committee. The members of the Research Ethics Committee include the vice president, the auditor, the directors of general affairs, research, and publication committees, and two directors without a portfolio of the society become ex officio. The members of this committee serve for a term of two years, and they may be reappointed.
If presented with convincing evidence of dual publication, fragmentation, plagiarism, fabrication, or theft of intellectual property in journals, the committee meeting will be held immediately for investigation. If evidence becomes available that the regulation has been breached, publication of the corresponding manuscript is immediately canceled and all authors, including the corresponding author, are banned from any publication in the ROJ published for the next three years. The investigation results of the committee meeting must be notified for immediate disciplinary measures and reported to the board of directors. Other issues that are not specified in this regulation abide by the decisions made by board members of the society, which conform with the Ethics Code of Science Technology set forth by the Korean Federation of Science Technology Societies.
8. Journal's policy on intellectual property
All published papers become the permanent property of the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology. Copyrights of all published materials are owned by the Korean Society for Radiation Oncology.
9. Journal's options for post-publication discussions and corrections
The post-publication discussion is available through a letter to the editor. If any readers have a concern on any articles published, they can submit a letter to the editor on the articles. If there founds any errors or mistakes in the article, it can be corrected through errata, corrigenda, or retraction.
10. Journal’s policy on preprint
A preprint can be defined as a version of a scholarly paper that precedes formal peer review and publication in a peer-reviewed scholarly journal. ROJ allows authors to submit the preprint to the journal. It is not treated as duplicate submission or duplicate publication. ROJ recommends authors to disclose it with DOI in the letter to the editor during the submission process. Otherwise, it may be screened from the plagiarism check program — Similarity Check (Crosscheck). Preprint submission will be processed through the same peer-review process as a usual submission. If the preprint is accepted for publication, authors are recommended to update the information at the preprint with a link to the published article in ROJ, including DOI at ROJ. It is strongly recommended that authors cite the article in ROJ instead of the preprint at their next submission to journals.
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Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center,
Proton Therapy Center, B2, 81, Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
Tel : +82-2-3410-3617
E-mail: rojeditor@gmail.com, roj@kosro.or.kr
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