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Table of Contents | June, 2021  Vol. 39  No.2 Previous Issue | Next Issue | Archive
In this issue:



Review Article
Current approaches in intensification of long-course chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a review
Peiman Haddad, Reza Ghalehtaki, Arefeh Saeedian, Farshid Farhan, Mohammad Babaei, Mahdi Aghili
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):83-90.   Published online June 25, 2021
Rectal cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. In many countries, the current standard of care is long-course chemoradiation (CRT), followed by total mesorectal excision. Some efforts have been made by intensifying radiation or chemotherapy components of the neoadjuvant therapy to further decrease the local recurrence and augment surgery’s feasibility and improve the oncological outcomes. This...
Original Articles
Clinical investigation
Risk of second cancer among young prostate cancer survivors
Hong Zhang, Andrew Yu, Andrea Baran, Edward Messing
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):91-98.   Published online June 28, 2021

Purpose: About 40% of men diagnosed with prostate cancer (Pca) are ≤65 years of age. This study evaluates the risk of second cancer among young Pca patients treated with surgery or radiation. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective review of 150,915 men aged ≤65 years at Pca diagnosis treated with surgery or radiation registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and...
Clinical Investigation
Retropharyngeal lymph node-sparing radiotherapy in patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma
Byung-Hee Kang, Keun-Yong Eom, Changhoon Song, Jin Ho Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, In Ah Kim, Jae-Sung Kim
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):99-106.   Published online June 24, 2021

Purpose: In radiotherapy for head and neck cancer, it is crucial to define the appropriate treatment volume to determine treatment outcome and toxicity. We examined the feasibility of omitting elective high retropharyngeal lymph node (RPLN) irradiation in patients with oropharyngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 189 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with...
Prognosis of patients with axillary lymph node metastases from occult breast cancer: analysis of multicenter data
Haeyoung Kim, Won Park, Su SSan Kim, Sung Ja Ahn, Yong Bae Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Jin-Hwa Choi, Hae Jin Park, Jee Suk Chang, Doo Ho Choi
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):107-112.   Published online June 15, 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate prognosis of patients with level I/II axillary lymph node metastases from occult breast cancer (OBC). Materials and Methods: Data of 53 patients with OBC who received axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) positive/negative (+/–) breast-conserving surgery between 2001 and 2013 were retrospectively collected at seven hospitals in Korea. The median number of positive lymph...
Combination of yttrium-90 radioembolization with stereotactic body radiation therapy in the treatment of portal vein tumor thrombosis
Jason Liu, Colton Ladbury, Arya Amini, Scott Glaser, Jonathan Kessler, Aram Lee, Yi-Jen Chen
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):113-121.   Published online June 18, 2021

Purpose: Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) from cancer involving the liver carries a dismal prognosis, with median overall survival (OS) ranging from 2 to 5 months. While treatment with yttrium-90 (90Y) radioembolization alone may improve outcomes, overall prognosis remains poor. We hypothesize that the combination of 90Y radioembolization to the parenchymal component of the tumor and stereotactic body radiation therapy...
Dose-volume histogram parameters and patient-reported EPIC-Bowel domain in prostate cancer proton therapy
Gabriella F. Bulman, Ronik S. Bhangoo, Todd A. DeWees, Molly M. Petersen, Cameron S. Thorpe, William W. Wong, Jean Claude M. Rwigema, Thomas B. Daniels, Sameer R. Keole, Steven E. Schild, Carlos E. Vargas
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):122-128.   Published online June 24, 2021

Purpose: To analyze rectal dose and changes in quality of life (QOL) measured with the Expanded Prostate and Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) bowel domain in patients being treated for prostate cancer with curative-intent proton beam therapy (PBT) within a large single-institution prospective registry. Materials and Methods: Data was collected from 243 patients with localized prostate cancer treated with PBT from 2016...
Physics Contribution
Use of GammaPlan convolution algorithm for dose calculation on CT and cone-beam CT images
Prabhakar Ramachandran, Ben Perrett, Orrie Dancewicz, Venkatakrishnan Seshadri, Catherine Jones, Akash Mehta, Matthew Foote
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):129-138.   Published online June 16, 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of using cone-beam computed tomography images (CBCTs) produced in a Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK) Icon system to generate electron density information for the convolution algorithm in Leksell GammaPlan (LGP) Treatment Planning System (TPS). Materials and Methods: A retrospective set of 30 LGK treatment plans generated for patients with multiple metastases...
Case Reports
Abscopal effect after palliative five-fraction radiation therapy on bone and lymph node metastases from luminal B breast cancer: a case report and clinical implications for palliative radiation therapy
Tae Hyung Kim, Jee Suk Chang
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):139-144.   Published online April 16, 2021
The abscopal effect is a phenomenon in which radiation therapy results in the regression of metastatic lesions at a distance from the irradiated lesions. Here, we have described a 37-year-old woman with advanced luminal B breast cancer who presented with severe pain at multiple sites. Multiple bone, lymph node, and lung metastases were found on computed tomography (CT). She refused...
Intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Kenza Benali, Jihan Aarab, Houda Benmessaoud, Abdelati Nourreddine, Sanaa El Majjaoui, Hanan El Kacemi, Tayeb Kebdani, Noureddine Benjaafar
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):145-151.   Published online March 24, 2021
Parathyroid carcinoma is an uncommon endocrine malignancy comprising 0.5%–2% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The probability of an intrathyroidal location is low (0.2%) and make preoperative suspicion and diagnosis challenging. Less than 20 cases of intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma have been reported. We introduce a case of intrathyroidal parathyroid carcinoma mimicking a suspicious thyroid nodule, and review the literature, with a...
Lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma: report of an unusual case with literature review
Kenza Benali, Houda Benmessaoud, Jihan Aarab, Abdelati Nourreddine, Hanan El Kacemi, Sanaa El Majjaoui, Tayeb Kebdani, Noureddine Benjaafar
Radiat Oncol J. 2021;39(2):152-158.   Published online June 28, 2021
Lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinomas are rare, aggressive orbital tumors characterized by poor overall prognosis, tendency for local recurrence and metastasis despite aggressive treatment. Treatment continues to be controversial. Many authorities today will often initiate surgery (orbital exenteration with or without bone removal vs. globe-sparing resection) and adjuvant radiotherapy (external beam or proton beam therapy). We introduce a case of...
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