Purpose: For patients with unresectable extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, radiotherapy (RT) is the definitive treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of two different RT techniques for definitive treatment of unresectable extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
Material...
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on symptomatic relief and tumor control in patients with breast cancer with skin involvement.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included patients who received palliative RT of the breast or ches...
Purpose: Stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is an important adjunctive treatment after excision of brain metastases. We investigated efficacy and safety outcomes of such treatment and the impact of radiotherapy dose fractionations in a real-world multi-center cohort.
Materials and...
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with steroid-resistant thyroid eye disease (TED) by assessing clinical outcomes in orbital inflammation and exophthalmos.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients with confirmed TED and resistan...
Radiation-induced cutaneous side effects are well known; however, the isoradiotopic phenomenon presenting as lichen planus is underreported in the literature. It is imperative to be aware of this entity to manage the patients accordingly. Herein, we report a 31-year-old male, a ...
This study evaluates the use of magnetic resonance–guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) as an alternative to brachytherapy in treating para-urethral gynecological cancers, particularly for patients who are not candidates for brachytherapy. Five female patients with advanced para-ur...
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Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the time and cost of developing prompts using large language model (LLM), tailored to extract clinical factors in breast cancer patients and their accuracy.
Materials and Methods: We collected data from reports of surgical pathology and ultrasound from breast cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy from 2020 to 2022. We extracted the information using the Generative Pre-trained...
Rectal resection surgery after neoadjuvant treatment has been the mainstay treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. However, functional outcomes and quality of life after radical resection of the rectum remain suboptimal. The excellent oncologic outcomes in patients who achieved pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant treatment questioned the need for radical surgery. The watch-and-wait approach is a noninvasive therapeutic alternative for...
Radiation enteritis is a kind of intestinal radiation injury in patients with pelvic and retroperitoneal malignancies after radiotherapy, and its occurrence and development process are very complicated. At present, studies have confirmed that intestinal microecological imbalance is an important factor in the formation of this disease. Abdominal radiation causes changes in the composition of the flora and a decrease in...
Purpose: This scoping review presents the preclinical and clinical data on the effects of high-dose radiation therapy (RT) on bone structure and function.
Materials and Method: An extensive PubMed search was performed for the relevant questions. The data were then synthesized into a comprehensive summary of the available relevant in-vitro, preclinical and clinical literature.
Results: In-vitro studies of high-dose RT on cell...
Purpose: Indians have a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases, often at a younger age, than other ethnic groups. This higher baseline risk requires consideration when assessing additional cardiac morbidity of breast cancer treatment. Superior cardiac sparing is a critical dosimetric advantage of proton therapy in breast cancer radiotherapy. We report here the heart and cardiac-substructure doses and early toxicities in...
Despite conventionally applied postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in pathological N2 (pN2) stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) considering high locoregional recurrence, its survival benefit has been a continuous topic of debate. Although several randomized clinical trials have been conducted, many of them have been withdrawn or analyzed without statistical significance due to slow accrual, making it difficult to determine the efficacy...
Purpose: To perform the analysis of the peripheral blood lymphocyte changes after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in patients with oligometastatic cancers.
Materials and Methods: The dynamics of the immune status in peripheral blood was prospectively evaluated in 46 patients with lung (17 cases) or liver (29 cases) metastases treated by SABR. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations was performed before...
Purpose: The target delineation of whole ventricle radiotherapy (WVRT) in germinoma varies among radiation oncologists, especially regarding the inclusion of the prepontine cistern (PC). We evaluated the outcome of PC-sparing WVRT in localized germinoma.
Materials and Methods: We identified 87 localized intracranial germinoma patients who received radiotherapy (RT) following chemotherapy between 1999 and 2020. By institutional policy, RT for...
Purpose: This study explored the potential feasibility of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in monitoring treatment response through the measurement of chromosomal instabilities using I-scores in the context of radiation therapy (RT) for other solid tumors.
Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 23 patients treated with RT for lung, esophageal, and head and neck cancer. Serial cfDNA monitoring was performed before RT, 1...
Purpose: To analyze the gene mutation, immune infiltration and tumor growth of primary tumor and distant tumor under different treatment modes.
Materials and Methods: Twenty B16 murine melanoma cells were injected subcutaneously into the of both sides of the thigh, simulating a primary tumor and a secondary tumor impacted by the abscopal effect, respectively. They were divided into blank control...
Purpose: High-dose radiotherapy (RT) for localized prostate cancer requires careful consideration of target position changes and adjacent organs-at-risk (OARs), such as the rectum and bladder. Therefore, daily monitoring of target position and OAR changes is crucial in minimizing interfractional dosimetric uncertainties. For efficient monitoring of the internal condition of patients, we assessed the feasibility of an auto-segmentation of OARs on...
Purpose: We analyzed clinical results of CyberKnife (CK)-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) in older patients (age ≥65 years) affected by brain metastases (BM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Materials and Methods: Forty-three older patients with 92 BM were treated with CK-based SRS/FSRT at our institution between 2009 and 2019. The end-point was overall survival (OS)....
Purpose: We aimed to compare the oncological outcomes and toxicities of definitive proton beam therapy (PBT) and photon beam therapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC).
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 262 patients with newly diagnosed LS-SCLC who underwent definitive PBT (n = 20; proton group) or photon beam therapy (n = 242; photon group) with concurrent...
Purpose: Patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT) often experience psychological anxiety that manifests as muscle contraction. Our study explored psychological anxiety in these patients by using biological signals recorded using a smartwatch.
Materials and Methods: Informed consent was obtained from participating patients prior to the initiation of RT. The patients wore a smartwatch from the waiting room until the conclusion of the...
Purpose: We aimed to determine whether low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) is effective in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD).
Materials and Methods: We included patients according to the following criteria: probable Alzheimer's dementia according to the New Diagnostic Criteria for Alzheimer’s Disease; confirmation of amyloid plaque deposits on baseline amyloid positron emission tomography (PET); a Korean Mini-Mental State Examination 2nd edition (K-MMSE-2) score...
Purpose: To report the trends of radiotherapy in the management of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who entered HCC registry of Samsung Medical Center between 2005 and 2017. Patients who were 75 years or older at the time of registration were defined as elderly. They were categorized into three groups based on the...
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of palliative radiation therapy (RT) for superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome from lung cancer and to compare the 2-week and 1-week schedules.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on lung cancer patients with palliative RT for SVC syndrome. Patients received 30 Gy in 10 fractions (2-week group) or...
Advances in radiotherapy (RT) techniques, including intensity-modulated RT and image-guided RT, have allowed hypofractionation, increasing the fraction size over the conventional dose of 1.8–2.0 Gy. Hypofractionation offers advantages such as shorter treatment times, improved compliance, and under specific conditions, particularly in tumors with a low α/β ratio, higher efficacy. It was initially explored for use in RT for prostate cancer...
Marcus A. Florez, Brian De, Bhavana V. Chapman, Anussara Prayongrat, Jonathan G. Thomas, Thomas H. Beckham, Chenyang Wang, Debra N. Yeboa, Andrew J. Bishop, Tina Briere, Behrang Amini, Jing Li, Claudio E. Tatsui, Laurence D. Rhines, Amol J. Ghia
Radiat Oncol J. 2023;41(1):12-22. Published online March 14, 2023
Purpose: There has been limited work assessing the use of re-irradiation (re-RT) for local failure following stereotactic spinal radiosurgery (SSRS). We reviewed our institutional experience of conventionally-fractionated external beam radiation (cEBRT) for salvage therapy following SSRS local failure.
Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 54 patients that underwent salvage conventional re-RT at previously SSRS-treated sites. Local control...
Purpose: The treatment approach for non-metastatic bladder cancer is guided by an invasion of the muscular layer of the bladder wall. Radical cystectomy is the recommended treatment for muscle-invasive disease. However, it has considerable morbidity and mortality and is not suited for many patients. Trimodality therapy consisting of chemoradiation after transurethral resection of bladder tumor offers a definitive approach with...
Radiation recall presents as an acute inflammatory reaction triggered by systemic therapy, usually chemotherapy, and is typically limited to an area that was previously irradiated. Radiation recall reactions are generally self-limiting and most commonly occur in the skin. Many systemic agents have been described to elicit a radiation recall reaction, but the exact pathogenesis is largely unknown. Here, we describe...
Purpose: The study evaluates accelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy (AHRT) compared to conventional fractionation radiotherapy (CFRT) in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC) receiving definitive chemoradiation therapy.
Materials and Methods: The study includes a retrospective cohort analysis of 120 patients. CFRT arm (n = 65) received 2 Gy per fraction to a dose of 70 Gy over 7 weeks in...
Radiation-induced fistulas (RIF) are uncommon therapeutic complications of radiotherapy in patients treated for carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Synchronous occurrence of enterocervical and enterovesical fistulas secondary to radiation is extremely rare and previously unreported in the literature. We report a case of synchronous enterovesical and enterocervical fistulas in a patient with carcinoma of the cervix treated using chemotherapy and radiation...
Purpose: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been widely utilized for curative treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It has achieved good local control rate comparable to surgery. Currently, no standard risk model exists for SBRT outcome or complication prediction. Radiomics has the potential to improve clinical outcome prognostication. Here, we reviewed the current literature on the radiomic analyses...
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate changes in target coverage using magnetic resonance–guided online adaptive radiotherapy (MRgoART) for kidney tumors and to evaluate the suitable timing of treatment.
Materials and Methods: Among patients treated with 3-fraction MRgoART for kidney cancer, 18 tumors located within 1 cm of the gastrointestinal tract were selected. Stereotactic radiosurgery planning with a prescription dose of 26...
Purpose: We aimed to determine whether patients with esophageal cancer with a low baseline body mass index (BMI) have a poor prognosis following radiotherapy (RT).
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 50 patients with esophageal cancer to determine whether a low starting BMI (before RT) was associated with a poor outcome. All study participants were diagnosed with non-metastatic esophageal...
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the role of inflammatory blood markers in predicting the pathological response rate after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (neo-CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).
Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we analyzed the data of patients with LARC who underwent neo-CRT and surgical removal of the rectal mass between 2020 and 2022 in...
Alexandra N. De Leo, Fantine Giap, Matthew M. Culbert, Nicolette Drescher, Ryan J. Brisson, Vincent Cassidy, Etzer Michelet Augustin, Anthony Casper, David H. Horowitz, Simon K. Cheng, James B. Yu
Radiat Oncol J. 2023;41(2):108-119. Published online June 22, 2023
Purpose: Patients with cancer are particularly vulnerable to coronavirus disease (COVID). Transportation barriers made travel to obtain medical care more difficult during the pandemic. Whether these factors led to changes in the distance traveled for radiotherapy and the coordinated location of radiation treatment is unknown.
Materials and Methods: We analyzed patients across 60 cancer sites in the National Cancer Database...
Purpose: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is recognized for its aggressiveness and poor prognosis. The role of radical radiotherapy in PSC remains uncertain due to its scarcity and limited data. In the absence of an effective systemic agent, this study aims to explore the possibility of cure and to investigate potential prognostic factors and treatment outcomes.
Materials and Methods: From January...
, Jun Yeong Song
, Qi Wu
, Nagarjuna Burela
, Irina Aleksandrovna Baldueva
, Shohei Tanaka
, Hamid Reza Rasouli
